(Research Integrated Into One Manuscript, Currently in Preparation for Submission to Veterinary Sciences)
Since 2018, Ishijima Animal Hospital has developed a patient-specific 3D cast therapy for distal radial–ulnar fractures in toy-breed dogs.
The method emphasizes non-surgical management that promotes biological bone healing under controlled functional loading.
Two major research outcomes have been made publicly available as preprints:
- Radiographic visualization of bone healing, documenting the sequential progression of natural callus formation.
- An age-based analysis of healing duration, using the largest clinical dataset to date (191 limbs), demonstrating clear age-related trends in healing speed.
These two studies are currently being integrated into a single manuscript for submission to a peer-reviewed international journal.
Only the preprint versions should be cited at this stage (e.g., Ishijima 2025, Preprints.org).
The 3D cast method is openly available for use and modification by veterinarians worldwide, provided that appropriate citation to the preprint versions is included.
